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REVISION POINTS
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Chapter 8 - Reactions and Equations
- Be able to balance simple equations.
- Be able to identify some reaction types - decomposition, combination, combustion, displacement and precipitation
- Be able to write combustion reactions
- Precipitation reactions - be able to use the solubility tables to predict whether a precipitate will form when two solutions are mixed and to identify the precipitate and write an equation remembering to include subscripts.
- Be able to suggest tests to distinguish solutions using solubility/precipitation reactions or displacement reactions
Chapter 9 - Redox
- Be able to define oxidation and reduction (either in terms of loss or gain of electrons or in terms of oxidation number).
- Also be able to give the definition of an oxidant and reductant.
- Be able to identify redox reactions and then identify what has been oxidised and what has been reduced. Also be able to identify the oxidant and the reductant.
- Be able to write balanced over-all redox equations using the 7 step ion-half-equation method.
- Be able to determine oxidation numbers of elements in pure state, in compounds and in simple and polyatomic ions.
Chapter 10 - Electrochemical (Galvanic) cells
- Be able to give the definition of an electrochemical cell and understand the energy transfer in an electrochemical cell.
- Be able to draw and completely label an electrochemical cell.
- Be able to write the shorthand notation for a cell
- Know what the standard reference half-cell is and the necessary conditions.
- Be able to draw three different types of half-cells. (i) metal/ion (ii) ion/ion (iii) gas/ion
- Be able to explain why (ii) and (iii) above need an inert electrode.
- Be able to use theelectrochemical series to predict feasibility of reactions
- Be able to use the electrochemical series to predict which will be the anode and cathode in electrochemical cells
- Be able to use the electrochemical series to calculate the cell voltage
- Be able to use the standard half-cell potentials (voltages) to identify the strongest oxidant and reductant.
Chapter 11 - Electrolysis (Electrolytic cells)
- Be able to define electrolysis.
- Be able to compare and contrast electrochemical cells and electrolytic cells.
- Be able to draw and label an electrolytic cell using a molten ionic electrolyte and inert electrodes.
- Be able to use the electrochemical series to predict successful oxidation reactions at the anode and reduction reactions at the cathode.
- Be able to draw and label an electrolytic cell using (a) a dilute aqueous electrolyte and inert electrodes (b) a concentrated aqueous electrolyte and inert electrodes (c) a dilute aqueous electrolyte and non-inert electrodes.
- Be able to very briefly discuss factors that affect electrolysis.
- Be able to discuss electrolytic refining of copper.
Corrosion - Chapter 9, 10, 11
- Be able to define corrosion, give examples of corrosion and state the impact of corrosion
- Be able to draw a diagram to show the electrochemical nature of rusting of iron.
- Be able to draw a diagram to show the electrochemical
- Be able to briefly explain the methods of corrosion protection.
- coating of the surface of a metal with paint, grease oil or bitumen
- coating of the surface of a metal with a less reactive metal - noble coating - examples.
- coating with a more reactive metal e.g. galvanising - use of a sacrificial anode/ cathodic protection.
- applying an e.m.f. such that the metal to be protected becomes the cathode - also cathodic protection.
- alloying
- Be able to discuss the corrosion of aluminium. What is meant by anodising of aluminium?
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