Reproduction
- Know the meaning of reproduction.
- Be able to compare sexual and asexual reproduction.
- Know some types of asexual reproduction.
- Know the advantages and disadvantages to an organism of asexual and sexual reproduction.
- Know the reproductive structures in the flower. Be able to label a digram with the structures - sepals, petals, stamens, anthers and filaments, pistil, style, stigma, ovaries.
- Know the functions of the various parts of the flower.
- Know the difference between the pollen and the ovules. know what part of the flower becomes the fruit and the seeds.
- Be able to identify some of the structures in a seed.
- Be able to comapre the different flower structures associated with wind and insect pollination.
- Know the meanings of the terms - gametes, gonads.
- Be able to compare sperm and ova.
- Be able to define fertilisation and zygote
- Be able to draw and label the male reproductive system.
- Know the main functions of the male reproductive system including scrotum, testes, epididymis, sperm duct (vas deferens), urethra, prostate gland, seminal visicle, Cowper's gland, erectile tissue, penis, glans penis, foreskin....
- Know where sperm are manufactured.
- Know the main functions of seminal fluid.
- Be able to draw and label the female reproductive system
- Know the function of the ovaries, funnel, oviduct (Fallopian tube), uterus, uterine lining, cervix, vagina.
- Know what a follicle is.
- Know where sperm are deposited during sexual intercourse, where fertilisation takes place and where implantation occurs.
- Know the difference between the terms zygote, embryo and fetus (foetus).
- Know the function of the placenta, amniotic membrane, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and be able to label these.
- Know the effect of alcohol, nicotine, drugs like thalidomide, and viruses like rubella on the developing embryo or fetus.
- Know the meaning of the term gestation.
- Know the signs that a woman is pregnant
- Know the three stages of labour and be able to briefly outline the main characteristics of these stages..
- Know the meaning of the terms breech, caesarean.
- Know the main secondary sexual characteristics of the male and female; be able to define puberty and adolescence.
- Know the meaning of the terms - lactation, mammary glands, colostrum and mature milk.
- Be able to explain the difference between fraternal and identical twins
- Know the four stages of the female menstrual cycle and a basic understanding of what happens in each stage.
- Know the meaning of contraception and examples of some types of contraception including natural methods, hormonal, permanent, barriers to sperm, etc.
Chapter 10 - Heredity and Genetics
- Know the meaning of the terms - dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, genotype, phenotype, gene, chromosome, allele, monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross, incomplete dominance.
- Know a little about Mendel's contribution to the studies of genetics and some of the reasons why he chose pea plants for his experiments.
- Be able to solve problems involving a monohybrid cross where one trait is dominant and the other recessive.
- Be able to solve problems involving a monohybrid cross where both traits are incompletely dominant.
- Be able to solve problems involving a dihybrid cross.
- Be able to solve problems involving family trees (pedigrees)
- Know the meaning of the term genetic engineering. Know the meaning of the sex chromosomes and the meaning of a sex linked gene.
- Use the ‘Extra Genetics Activities' booklet to practice some of these problems and also to do other process problems.
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