Chapter 15 - Earthquakes and the Interior of the Earth [print-friendly version]
- What is the point of origin of an earthquake?
| A. Epicentre |
B. Focus |
C. Seismograph |
- What is the point on the surface nearest the earthquake?
| A. Epicentre |
B. Focus |
C. Seismograph |
- What is an instrument used to study earthquakes?
| A. Epicentre |
B. Focus |
C. Seismograph |
- In what order do earthquake waves arrive at seismic stations?
| A. P-waves, then S-waves, then surface waves |
| B. S-waves, then P-waves, then surface waves |
| C. S-waves, then surface waves, then P-waves |
| D. Surface waves, then P-waves, then S-waves |
- Which seismic waves travel through the earth's mantle?
| A. only P-waves |
| B. only S-waves |
| C. both p-waves and S--waves |
| D. no seismic waves can travel through the Earth's mantle. |
- Which seismic waves travel through the earth's core?
| A. only P-waves |
| B. only S-waves |
| C. both p-waves and S--waves |
| D. no seismic waves can travel through the Earth's mantle. |
- Which waves cause the greatest amount of damage?
| A. only P-waves |
| B. only S-waves |
| C. surface waves |
| D. all are equally destructive. |
- Which waves cause a particle motion that is back and forth in a direction parallel to the wave motion?
| A. only P-waves |
| B. only S-waves |
| C. surface waves |
| D. None of the above. |
- Which waves are called compression waves because they compress and extend the material they pass through?
| A. only P-waves |
| B. only S-waves |
| C. surface waves |
| D. None of the above. |
- Wh ich of the following is not associated with earthquake destruction?
| A. Fires |
B. Trembling earth |
C. High winds |
D. Tsunamis |
- Approximately how fast do tsunami waves travel in the open ocean?
| A. 100 km/hour |
B. 200 km/hour |
C. 800 km/hour |
D.1600 km/hour |
- Which region of the earth has the most frequent earthquakes?
| A. Antarctic region |
B. Atlantic region |
C. Arctic region |
D. Indian region |
- What is a tsunami?
| A. A wind generated wave |
| B. A tidal wave |
| C. A series of giant waves generated by a large displacement of water |
Short Answer Questions - quiz
1. A movement within the Earth's crust is called a _______________________.
2. Shock waves produced by an earthquake are called _______________________.
3. Instrument used to detect these waves ____________________ .
4. The trace or recording of these shock waves is called a _______________________.
5. Major cause of earthquakes _______________________.
6. Minor cause of earthquakes _______________________.
7. __________, ____________, and ___________ are three kinds of seismic waves.
8. Most earthquakes are located on the _________________ of plates.
9. First waves to arrive at a seismological station _______________________.
10. The waves that travel through the crust.__________________ and ____________________.
11. The slow waves that travel around the surface and cause the most damage _______________.
12. The number of stations needed to locate the epicentre of an earthquake. __________________.
13. The time between arrival of _________ and _______ waves is used to determine the _________________ from the epicentre.
14. Breaking and movement of rocks along a plane is called _______________________.
15. the effects of earthquakes include ___________________, ____________________ and _______________________.
16. The intensity of an earthquake is a measure of ______________________________________ _____________________________________________. It is measured on the ________________ ________________ scale which ranges from _________ to __________.
17. The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of ____________________________________ _____________________________________________. It is measured on the _____________ scale which ranges from __________ to __________.
18. Earthquakes are mainly located _________________________________________________.
19. The junction between the crust and the mantle is called the ____________________.
20. The crust of the Earth is composed of two layers. The __________________ crust is less dense and has a composition similar to _____________. It is known as _____________. The ________ crust is more dense and composed of a rock similar to _____________. It is known as _______.
21. Where has Information about the Earth's interior has been obtained from?
22. Refer to the enchanted learning site to label the layers of the earth.
23. The largest layer in the earth's interior is the ______________.
24. The core of the earth is believed to be composed mainly of __________ and _____________.
25. The outer core is believed to be in a ____________ state while the inner core is believed to be in a ___________ state.
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