citations

HOW TO
CITE REFERENCES
WITHIN
THE ASSIGNMENT

Sources used in an assignment are acknowledged to identify all direct quotations, ideas and paraphrased comments and to identify information used in your assignment which is not your own.

The College has adopted a standard author-date system of referencing designed to suit the needs of secondary students.

This is based on the Harvard Referencing System.. The Harvard System does accept variations, in that a colon or a comma can be used between the date and the page no. However it is important that consistency in punctuation is maintained in referencing.

READY RECKONER

one author	two authors	three authors	more than 3 authors	reference to MORE THAN ONE WORK in the same citation
one author quoted in the work of another	anonymous author	corporate author	newspaper article	non print sources

HINT TO SAVE TIME!
When citing a reference, ensure that you note the details for the bibliography at the same time.

How to cite references within the Assignment

ONE AUTHOR

Simpson (1967, 27) states that `lack of exercise is our most serious problem.' or `Lack of exercise is our most serious health problem' (Simpson, 1967, 27)

Paraphrasing from 2 PAGES

Rokeach (1968, 110-111) says attitudes are difficult to measure because there is much controversy over what an attitude is.

Reference to an argument of a whole work

Peters and Waterman (1982) develop their whole argument on the cultural traits necessary for corporate success.

TWO AUTHORS

"Radical times may demand radical remedies' (Dunphy & Stace, 1988, 321).

THREE AUTHORS

Locke, Schweiger and Latham (1986, 75) say that executives must integrate what is known from the research with their own good sense.

For SUBSEQUENT CITATIONS

Locke et al.(1968, 75) said that executives must integrate what is known from the research with their own good sense.

Reference to a work by MORE THAN 3 AUTHORS

The subject is treated in detail by Binney et al. (1991).
HINT TO SAVE TIME!
When citing a reference, ensure that you note the details for the bibliography at the same time.

Reference to more than 1 work by an author in the same year.

Davis (1984a) gives advice on pitfalls to avoid in organisational change.

Reference to more than one work in the same citation

(Albert, 1985; Allen & Kraft, 1984; Kanter, 1983, 1985)
One author quoted in the work of another

Adrian West (in Thomson, 1970,116) recommended that nursing education be made an integral part of the provincial education.

Quoting from an anonymous author

`Australia is blessed with one of the largest varieties of bird life in any one country of the world' (Wild Life of Australia, 1973, 9).

Reference to a corporate author

The Australian Government Printing Service (1988, 129) claims that economy in terms of time and space, and hence cost, is the hall mark of the Harvard system of referencing.

Reference to a newspaper article

If the author of the article is named, the reference should be as for a book or an article. However, if the author is not named, the textual citation is:

In The Courier-Mail, it was reported that ...(`Ex-governor's view criticized', 1993, 3).

Reference to an interview

Ms Marie Previte, Managing Director of SBS, stated that ...(personal interview, 24 November, 1998).

Citing of non print sources

Use the author-date method as described above. However if there is no author use the title of the article. If no date exists use the date (year only) on which the site was accessed.

The medium of the resource does not need to be noted in the text.

In an article published on the Internet by the DPI (1998) it was stated that ...
The concept of Nationalism was ...(Kohn, 1993).

It was revealed on the video, `The Story of the Olympics' (1992) that...